1. Was cremation followed by deposition of the remains in pits in settlements, or the disposal of cremated remains (or of unburnt bodies) in ways that leave no archaeological trace, the norm in Neolithic funerary practice in south-east Scotland?
2. Was there variation in funerary practices over the course of the Neolithic in this part of Scotland?
3. Were Middle Neolithic cemeteries, such as the one at Cairnpapple, West Lothian, in use?
4. Are there any individual high-status male graves, associated with ‘fancy’ axe- or adze-heads, waiting to be discovered in the SESARF area.
5. Do all of the non-megalithic long mounds in this part of Scotland date to within the first half of the fourth millennium, as is suspected? Excavation at the unexplored examples is required to clarify their date of construction.
6. When were the cursus monuments in south-east Scotland created?
7. Do all the sites that have been identified as possible cursus monuments actually represent that type of monument? Excavation of the recently identified candidates is strongly recommended.
8. What was/were the purpose/s of the Meldon Bridge timber enclosure, and what was the nature of the society that constructed it?
9. Are Overhowden and Rachan Hill Late Neolithic, single-entrance henges? This can only be addressed through excavation.
10. Might any of the other ‘henge-like’ crop-mark sites that have been considered, but rejected, be of Late Neolithic date?
11. How were henges used?
12. When was the complex Atlantic rock art in south-east Scotland created? Is it of Late Neolithic date? Excavation may be the only way to address the first question.
13. Are any of the stone circles in south-east Scotland of Late Neolithic date? This will require excavation to address this question.
14. Did the stone monument at Huly Hill consist of two concentric rings of stones? Targeted fieldwork is required.
15. Are there any Neolithic timber circles in south-east Scotland?
16. What is the date of the timber ring surrounding pit K26, with its cremated human remains? Radiocarbon dating of those remains is required to clarify this.
17. Is the claimed timber ‘avenue’ at Sprouston an ‘avenue’, and is it Neolithic? Excavation can address this.
18. Were any of the single standing stones in south-east Scotland erected during the Neolithic period?