In This Section:

9. Bibliography

Projects online (accessed 3 August 2017)

Online resources (accessed 3 August 2017)

Publications cited

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ALCOCK, E., 1988. Pictish symbol stones Class I: where and how? Glasgow Archaeological Journal, 15, pp. 1–21.

ALCOCK, L., 1993a. Image and icon in Pictish sculpture. In: R.M. SPEARMAN and J. HIGGITT, eds, The Age of Migrating Ideas. Early Medieval Art in Northern Britain and Ireland. Stroud: National Museums of Scotland/Alan Sutton Publishing, pp. 230–236.

ALEXANDER, J.S., 2007. The introduction and use of masons’ marks in Romanesque buildings in England. Medieval Archaeology, 51, pp. 63–81.

ALLEN, J.R., 1882. Notes on some undescribed stones with cup-markings in Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 16 (1881–2), pp. 79–143.

ALLEN, J.R., 1888. A museum for Christian archaeology for Great Britain. The Archaeological Review, 1, pp. 191–196.

ALLEN, J.R., 1895. On the pressing need of a museum to contain a collection of casts, models, and photographs, illustrative of early art and architecture in Great Britain. Archaeologia Oxiensis, I–VI(II), pp. 75–89.

ALLEN, J.R., 1901. The Early Christian monuments of Iona; with some suggestions for their better preservation. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 35 (1900–01), pp. 79–93.

ALLEN, J.R. and ANDERSON, J., 1903 (rep. 1993). The Early Christian Monuments of Scotland. Edinburgh (repr. Balgavies): Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (repr. The Pinkfoot Press).

AL-SADIE, A., 2016. Falkland Palace stonework. History Scotland, 16(3), pp. 38–38.

ANCIENT MONUMENTS BOARD FOR WALES, 2001. Protecting Early Medieval Inscribed Stones and Stone Sculpture. Cardiff: Cadw.

ANDERSON, J., 1881a. Scotland in Early Christian Times (Second Series). The Rhind Lectures in Archaeology for 1880. Edinburgh: David Douglas.

ANDERSON, J., 1900. Description of a collection of objects found in excavations at St Blane’s Church, Bute, exhibited by the Marquis of Bute. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 34 (1899–1900), pp. 307–325.

ANDERSON, J.R., 1883. Scotland in Pagan Times. The Iron Age. Edinburgh: D Douglas.

AOC ARCHAEOLOGY GROUP, 2014. Ormaig Prehistoric Rock Art, Argyll: Archaeological Survey. Unpublished report.

AOC ARCHAEOLOGY GROUP, 2015. Ballochmyle Prehistoric Rock Art: Archaeological Survey. Unpublished report.

APPADURAI, A., ed, 1986 (repr 2010). The Social Life of Things. Commodities in Cultural Perspective. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.

ASCHERSON, N., 2002. Stone Voices: The Search for Scotland. London: Granta.

ASH, M., 1980. The Strange Death of Scottish History. Edinburgh: Ramsay Head Press.

ASHLEY, T., 2011. Edinburgh’s graveyards in 19th century guide books: A history of perception. Unpublished report for The World Monument Fund in Britain.

ASHURST, J. and DIMES, F.G., eds, 1990. Conservation of Building and Decorative Stone Vol 1. London: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd.

AUSTRALIA ICOMOS, 2013. The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance. Available at http://australia.icomos.org/wp-content/uploads/The-Burra-Charter-2013-Adopted-31.10.2013.pdf. Burwood: Australia ICOMOS.

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BAKER, M., 1991. “Proper ornaments for a library or grotto”: London sculptors and their Scottish patrons in the eighteenth century. In: F. PEARSON, ed, Virtue and Vision: Scotland and Sculpture 1540–1990. Edinburgh: National Galleries of Scotland, pp. 45–63.

BALDWIN BROWN, G., 1905. The Care of Ancient Monuments. An Account of the Legislative and other Measures adopted in European Countries for Protecting Ancient Monuments and Objects and Scenes of Natural Beauty, and for Preserving the Aspect of Historical Cities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

BARKAN, E. and BUSH, R., eds, 2002. Claiming the Stones/naming the Bones: Cultural Property and the Negotiation of National and Ethnic Identity. Available at http://www.getty.edu/publications/virtuallibrary/0892366737.html?imprint=gtrs. Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute.

BARNES, J., In prep. Of warriors and beasts: Viking Age interactions between the Kingdoms of Strathclyde and Northumbria. PhD edn. University of Glasgow.

BARNES, M., 1994. The Runic Inscriptions of Maeshowe, Orkney. Uppsala: Department of Scandinavian Languages, Uppsala University.

BARNES, M.P. and PAGE, R.I., 2006. The Scandinavian Runic Inscriptions of Britain. Uppsala: Department of Scandinavian Languages, Uppsala University.

BARNETT, T. and SHARPE, K., eds, 2010. Carving a Future for British Rock Art. New Directions for Research, Management and Presentation. Oxford and Oakville: Oxbow Books.

BATH, M. and WILLSHER, B., 1996. Emblems from Quarles on Scottish gravestones. In: A. ADAMS and L. GOVE, eds, Emblems and Art History: 9 Essays, vol. 1. Glasgow: Glasgow Emblem Studies, pp. 169–201.

BECKENSALL, S., 1999. British Prehistoric Rock Art. Stroud: Tempus.

BELL, G., 2002. The management challenges of caring for graveyards: issues of health and safety. In: A. DAKIN, ed, Conservation of Historic Graveyards. Edinburgh: Historic Scotland, pp. 29–32.

BELL, G.T., 1993. Monuments to the Fallen: Scottish War Memorials of the Great War. PhD edn. University of Strathclyde.

BENTKOWSKA-KAFEL, A., DENARD, H. and BAKER, D., 2012. Paradata and Transparency in Virtual Heritage. Farnham: Ashgate.

BERTILSSON, U. and MCDERMOTT, L., eds, 2004. The Future of Rock Art—A World Review. Stockholm: Rapport från Riksantikvarieämbetet 2004:7.

BEVERIDGE, E., 1893. The Churchyard Memorials of Crail. Containing a Full Description of the Epitaphs Anterior to 1800: Together With Some Account of the Other Antiquities of the Burgh. repr. 2010 edn. privately printed (repr. British Library/Amazon).

BILLINGS, R.W., 1845–52. Baronial and Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Scotland, 4 vols. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons.

BJELLAND, T. and HELLBERG, B.H., 2005. Bergkunst. En veiledning i dokumentasjon, skjøtsel, tilrettelegging og overvåking av norsk bergkunst. Available at http://www.spatial.baltic.net/_files/Handbook_Preservation.pdf. Norsk Faggruppe for Bergkunstkonservering.

BLACK, W.G., 1928. The Scots Mercat ‘Cross’: An Inquiry as to its History and Meaning. Glasgow and Edinburgh: William Hodge and Co Ltd.

BLACKIE, T. and MACAULAY, C., 1998. The Sculptured Stones of Caithness: A Survey. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press.

BLINDHEIM, M., 1985. Graffiti in Norwegian Stave Churches, c. 1150–c.1350. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.

BOYES, N., 1999. Stone conservation within Historic Scotland from 1954 to the present day. In: M.S. JONES and R.D. WAKEFIELD, eds, Aspects of Stone Weathering, Decay and Conservation. Proceedings of the 1997 Stone Weathering and Atmospheric Pollution Network Conference (SWAPNET’97). London: Imperial College Press, pp. 170–178.

BRADLEY, R., 1997a. Rock Art and the Prehistory of Atlantic Europe. London and New York: Routledge.

BRADLEY, R., 2009 (repr 2010). Image and Audience. Rethinking Prehistoric Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

BRADLEY, R., WATSON, A. and ANDERSON-WHYMARK, H., 2012. Excavations at four prehistoric rock carvings on the Ben Lawers Estate, 2007–2010. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 142, pp. 27–61.

BREEZE, D., 2000. Artefacts and monuments: the building blocks of identity. In: J.M. FLADMARK, ed, Heritage & Museums. Shaping National Identity. Shaftesbury: Donhead, pp. 183–189.

BREEZE, D.J., 2006. The Antonine Wall. Edinburgh: John Donald.

BROWN, I.G., 1991. David Hume’s tomb: A Roman mausoleum by Robert Adam. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 121, pp. 321–422.

BROWN, M., 2012. Scotland’s Lost Gardens: From the Garden of Eden to the Stewart Palaces. Edinburgh: RCAHMS.

BROPHY, K 2018. ‘The finest set of cup and ring marks in existence’: the story of the Cochno Stone, West Dunbartonshire. Scottish Archaeological Journal, 40, 1-23

BRYAN, P., 2015. Experience and practical insights: 3D laser scanning for heritage. Available at http://www.geoinformatics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/GEO815DIGI.pdf. GeoInformatics, 18(8), pp. 10–13.

BRYCE, I.B.D. and ROBERTS, A., 1993. Post-Reformation Catholic houses of north-east Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 123, pp. 363–372.

BRYCE, T. and CALDWELL, D.H., 1981. Scottish medieval sculpture—the making of reproductions and their uses. Museums Journal, 81(2), pp. 67–70.

BRYDALL, R., 1895. Monumental effigies of Scotland from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 29 (1894–5), pp. 329–410.

BUCKHAM, S., 2002. The Carved Stones Adviser Project: new initiatives in the recording and conservation of historic graveyards. In: A. DAKIN, ed, Conservation of Historic Graveyards. Edinburgh: Historic Scotland, pp. 59–67.

BUCKHAM, S., 2006. Analysis of the Carved Stones Adviser Project Graveyard Recording Forms. Final Report April 2006, unpublished report for Council for Scottish Archaeology, Edinburgh.

BUCKHAM, S., 2011. ‘Not architects of decay’: the influence of cemetery management on cemetery landscapes. Context, March, pp. 32–34.

BUCKHAM, S., 2013a. The Edinburgh Graveyards Project. A Scoping Study to Identify Strategic Priorities for the Future Care and Enjoyment of Five Burial Grounds in the Heart of the Edinburgh World Heritage Site. Available at https://ewh.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Edinburgh-Graveyards-Report.pdf. New York: World Monuments Fund.

BUCKHAM, S., 2015a. Graveyards. In: CULTURE & SPORT GLASGOW (MUSEUMS), ed, Exploring our Past. Essays on the Local History and Archaeology of West Central Scotland. Glasgow: Glasgow Museums, pp. 207–216.

BUCKHAM, S., 2015b. Govan Old Churchyard Conservation Management Plan. Unpublished report edn. Glasgow: Friends of Govan Old.

BUCKHAM, S., 2016. ‘Not architects of decay’: the influence of graveyard management on Scottish burial landscapes. In: S. BUCKHAM, P.C. JUPP and J. RUGG, eds, Death in Modern Scotland, 1855–1955 Beliefs, Attitudes and Practices. Studies in the History and Culture of Scotland—Volume 6. Oxford: Peter Lang, pp. 215–240.

BUCKHAM, S. and DAKIN, A., 2007. Scotland’s Historic Graveyards Project Audience Development Plan, unpublished report for Archaeology Scotland.

BUCKHAM, S. and FISHER, F., 2013. Conservation Strategy for Historic Graveyards in the Clyde and Avon Valley Landscape. Unpublished report for the Clyde and Avon Valley Landscape Partnership.

BUCKHAM, S., JUPP, P.C. and RUGG, J., eds, 2016. Death in Modern Scotland, 1855–1955 Beliefs, Attitudes and Practices. Studies in the History and Culture of Scotland—Volume 6. Oxford: Peter Lang.

BUSHNELL, J., 1990. Moscow Graffiti: Language and Subculture. Boston: Unwin Hyman.

BUSSET, A., In prep. Early medieval carved stones from Ireland, Scotland and Scandinavia: A comparative study through place, movement, memory and identity. PhD edn. University of Glasgow.

BYATT, M., 2008. Carved Stones from Kinneddar (Drainie) and Burghead. A Catalogue of the Pictish Stones in the Collections of the Elgin Museum. Elgin: The Moray Society.

BYRNE, D., BRAYSHAW, H. and IRELAND, T., 2003. Social Significance: A Discussion Paper. Available at https://www.heritage.nsw.gov.au/assets/Uploads/publications/518/social-significance-a-discussion-paper-010001.pdf. 2nd edn. Hurstville: New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service.

BYRNE, F.J., 2008. The inscriptions in the main passage tomb at Knowth. In: F.J. BYRNE, W. JENKINS, G. KENNY and C. SWIFT, eds, Excavations at Knowth 4: Historical Knowth and its Hinterland. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, pp. 89–119.

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CALDER, A., 2004. The Scottish National War Memorial. In: W. KIDD and B. MURDOCH, eds, Memory and Memorials: The Commemorative Century. Aldershot: Ashgate, pp. 61–74.

CALDWELL, D., KIRK, S., HOWARD, S. and RUCKLEY, N., 2015. Oronsay’s sculptural heritage. History Scotland, 15(5), pp. 25–28.

CALDWELL, D.H., MCGIBBON, F.M., MILLER, S. and RUCKLEY, N.A., 2010. The image of a Celtic society: medieval West Highland sculpture. In: P. O’NEILL, ed, Celts in Legend and Reality. Sydney: Papers from the Sixth Australian Conference of Celtic Studies. Sydney Series in Celtic Studies 9. Sydney: University of Sydney, pp. 13–59.

CAMERON, F., 2007. Beyond the cult of the replicant: museums and historical digital objects—traditional concerns, new discourses. In: F. CAMERON and S. KENDERDINE, eds, Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, pp. 49–75.

CAMERON, F. and KENDERDINE, S., eds, 2007. Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.

CAMPBELL, E., forthcoming. Peripheral Vision: Scotland in Early Medieval Europe. In: A. BLACKWELL, ed, Scotland in Early Medieval Europe.

CAPWELL, T.E., 2005. Observations on the armour depicted on three mid-15th-century military effigies in the Kirk of St. Nicholas, Aberdeen. Journal of the Armour Research Society, 1, pp. 5–22.

CARLUKE PARISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 2005. The Forest Kirk and its Graveyard: Stories behind the Stones. Carluke: Carluke Parish Historical Society.

CARTER MCKEE, K., 2013. Burns and the British Empire: viewing a Scottish monument from an imperial perspective. Architectural Heritage, 24, pp. 21–39.

CARTY, A., 2005. Three-dimensional recording of Pictish sculpture. In: S.M. FOSTER and M. CROSS, eds, Able Minds and Practised Hands: Scotland’s Early Medieval Sculpture in the 21st Century. Leeds: Society for Medieval Archaeology/Maney, pp. 367–374.

CARVER, M.O.H., 2005. Sculpture in action: contexts for stone carving on the Tarbat peninsula, Easter Ross. In: S.M. FOSTER and M. CROSS, eds, Able Minds and Practised Hands: Scotland’s Early Medieval Sculpture in the 21st Century. Leeds: Society for Medieval Archaeology/Maney, pp. 13–53.

CARVER, M., GARNER-LAHIRE, J. and SPALL, C., forthcoming. Portmahomack on Tarbat Ness. Changing Ideologies in North-East Scotland, Sixth to Sixteenth Century AD. Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

CASSAR, M., 2009. Sustainable heritage: challenges and strategies for the twenty-first century. Journal of Preservation Technology, 40(1), pp. 3–11.

CASSIDY, B., ed, 1992. The Ruthwell Cross. Papers from the Colloquium Sponsored by the Index of Christian Art. Princeton University, 8 December 1989. Index of Christian Art, Occasional Papers 1. Princeton: Index of Christian Art, Department of Art and Archaeology, University of Princeton.

CHAMPION, M., 2015. Medieval Graffiti The Lost Voices of England’s Churches. London: Ebury Press.

CHARLES-EDWARDS, G., 2004. A reconsideration of the origins on the early Insular monumental lettering of a mixed alphabet type: the case of the ‘Lapis Echodi’ inscription on Iona. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 134, pp. 173–181.

CLARK, K., 2001. Informed Conservation. Understanding Historic Buildings and their Landscapes for Conservation. London: English Heritage.

CLARK, K., 2010. Values in cultural resource management. In: G.S. SMITH, P.M. MESSENGER and H. SODERLAND, eds, Heritage Values in Contemporary Society. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press, pp. 89–99.

CLARKE, D.V., 2007. Reading the multiple lives of Pictish symbol stones. Medieval Archaeology, 51, pp. 19–39.

CLARKE, D.V., BLACKWELL, A. and GOLDBERG, M., 2012. Early Medieval Scotland. Individuals, Communities and Ideas. Edinburgh: National Museums Scotland.

CLIFFORD, T., 1991. Introduction. In: F. PEARSON, ed, Virtue and Vision: Scotland and Sculpture 1540–1990. Edinburgh: National Galleries of Scotland, pp. 9–25.

COLEMAN, J.J., 2014. Remembering the Past in Nineteenth-Century Scotland. Commemoration, Nationality and Memory. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

COLLINGWOOD, R.G. and WRIGHT, R.B., 1965. The Roman Inscriptions of Britain. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

CRAIG, D.J., 1993. The distribution of pre-Norman sculpture in south-west Scotland: provenance, ornament, and regional groups. PhD edn. University of Durham.

CRAIG, D., 1994. The early medieval sculpture of the Glasgow area. In: A. RITCHIE, ed, Govan and its Early Medieval Sculpture. Stroud: Alan Sutton Publishing Ltd, pp. 73–91.

CRAWFORD, B.E., 2005. The Govan Hogbacks and the Multi-Cultural Society of Tenth-Century Scotland. Glasgow: Friends of Govan Old.

CRUIKSHANK, J., 1941. Logan’s Collections [important nineteenth-century record of funeral monuments in and around Aberdeen]. Aberdeen: Spalding Club.

CURLE, C.L., 1940. The chronology of the early Christian monuments of Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 74 (1939–40), pp. 60–116.

CURLE, C.L., 1962. Some little known Early Christian monuments in the west of Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 95 (1961–2), pp. 223–226.

CURRIE, A., 1830. A Description of the Antiquities and Scenery of the Parish of North Knapdale. Glasgow: W.R. M’Phun.

CUTMORE, C., 1996. Memorial stones in the kirkyard at Govan: a study of the early modern monuments and the interplay with the re-used early medieval “Govan Stones”. MA edn. Department of Archaeology, University of Glasgow.

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DAKIN, A., 2002. Conservation of Historic Graveyards. Edinburgh: Historic Scotland.

DALGLISH, C. and DRISCOLL, S.T., 2009. Historic Govan. Archaeology and Development. York: Council for British Archaeology.

DARVILL, T. and FERNANDES, A.P.B., eds, 2014a. Open-air Rock-art Conservation and Management. State of the Art and Future Perspectives. New York and London: Routledge.

DARWOOD, A. and MARTIN, P., 2005. Milestones of Fife. Not stated: East Neuk Preservation Society.

DAVIDSON, F., 1977. Seventeenth Century Tombstones of Angus and the Mearns: An Inventory, Not stated: Angus District Council Libraries & Museums.

DE LA TORRE, M., 2002. Assessing the Values of Cultural Heritage: Research Report. Online at http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications_resources/pdf_publications/pdf/assessing.pdf. Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute.

DE LA TORRE, M., ed, 2005. Heritage Values in Site Management. Four Case Studies. Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute.

DOEHNE, E. and PRICE, C.A., 2010. Stone Conservation. An Overview of Current Research. Available at http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9781783263431. 2nd edn. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.

DOLAN, B., 2013. “Mysterious waifs of time”: some thoughts on the functions of Irish bullaun stones. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 142–3 (2012–13), pp. 42–58.

DONALDSON, G., 1987. The Dunbar Monument in its historical setting. In: EAST LOTHIAN ANTIQUARIAN & FIELD NATURALISTS’ SOCIETY, ed, Dunbar Parish Church 1342–1987. Not stated: East Lothian Antiquarian & Field Naturalists’ Society, pp. 1–16.

DOUGLAS-JONES, R., HUGHES, J.J., JONES, S. and YARROW, T., 2016. Science, value and material decay in the conservation of historic environments. Journal of Cultural Heritage.

DRANSART, P., 2001. Two shrine fragments from Kinnedar, Moray. In: M. REDKNAP, N. EDWARDS, S. YOUNGS, A. LANE and J. KNIGHT, eds, Pattern and Purpose in Insular Art. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Insular Art held at the National Museum & Gallery, Cardiff 3–6 September 1998. Oxford: Oxbow Books, pp. 235–240.

DRANSART, P. and BOGDAN, N.Q., 2004. The material culture of resucancy at Fetternear: kin and religion in post-Reformation Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 134, pp. 457–470.

DRISCOLL, S.T., 1988. Power and authority in Early Historic Scotland: Pictish symbol stones and other documents. In: J. GLEDHILL, B. BENDER and M.T. LARSEN, eds, State and Society. The Emergence and Development of Social Hierarchy and Political Centralization. One World Archaeology Series. London: Thomson Publishing Services, pp. 215–236.

DRISCOLL, S.T., 2000. Christian monumental sculpture and ethnic expression in early Scotland. In: W. FRAZER and A. TYRELL, eds, Social Identity in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland. Studies in the Early History of Britain Series. Leicester: Leicester University Press, pp. 233–252.

DRISCOLL, S.T., O’GRADY, O. and FORSYTH, K., 2005. The Govan School revisited: searching for meaning in the early medieval sculpture of Strathclyde. In: S.M. FOSTER and M. CROSS, eds, Able Minds and Practised Hands: Scotland’s Early Medieval Sculpture in the 21st Century. Leeds: Society for Medieval Archaeology/Maney, pp. 135–158.

DRUMMOND, J., 1861a. Scottish Market-crosses. Edinburgh.

DRUMMOND, J., 1861b. Notice of some stone crosses, with especial reference to the market crosses of Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 4 (1860–61), pp. 86–115.

DRUMMOND, J., 1881. Sculptured Monuments in Iona & the Western Highlands. Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

DUNBAR, J.G., 1999. Scottish Royal Palaces. The Architecture of the Royal Residences during the Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Periods. East Linton: Tuckwell Press Ltd/Historic Scotland.

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EDWARDS, N., 2007. A Corpus of Early Inscribed Stones and Stone Sculpture in Wales, Vol. 2 South-West Wales. Cardiff: University Wales Press.

EDWARDS, N., 2013. A Corpus of Early Inscribed Stones and Stone Sculpture in Wales Vol. 3 North Wales. Cardiff: University Wales Press.

EDWARDS, N. and HALL, M.A., 2005. Protecting carved stones in Scotland and Wales. Church Archaeology, 7–9 (2003–05), pp. 127–129.

EMERICK, K., 2014. Conserving and Managing Ancient Monuments. Heritage, Democracy and Inclusion. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.

EMSSS WORKING GROUP, 2005d. Early Medieval Stone Sculptures of Scotland Working Group. Final report to NCCSS. Compiled by M.A. Hall. Available at http://www.carvedstones.scot/uploads/4/4/0/3/44032535/emss_final_report_24_nov_2005.pdf. Unpublished report edn.

ENGLISH HERITAGE, 2008-last update, Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance. Available at https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/conservation-principles-sustainable-management-historic-environment/.

ENGLISH HERITAGE, 2011. Designation Listing Selection Guide: Commemorative Structures. Available at https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/dlsg-commemorative-structures/. London: English Heritage.

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FAITH IN COWAL, 2016-last update, Faith in Cowal. Available at http://www.faithincowal.org/ [Feb/8, 2016].

FARR, C., 1991. Worthy women on the Ruthwell Cross: woman as a sign in early Anglo-Saxon monasticism. In: C.E. KARKOV, M. RYAN and R.T. FARRELL, eds, The Insular Tradition. New York: Suny Press, pp. 45–62.

FARRELL, S., 2001. Fife gravestones: a personal view. Tayside and Fife Archaeological Journal, 7, pp. 129–132.

FAWCETT, R., 2002. Scottish Medieval Churches. Architecture and Furnishings. Stroud: Tempus.

FAWCETT, R., 2011. The Architecture of the Scottish Medieval Church 1100–1560. New Haven and New York: Yale University Press.

FAWCETT, R., 2013. Aspects of Scottish canopied tomb design. In: M. PENMAN, ed, Monuments and Monumentality across Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Donhead: Shaun Tyas, pp. 129–142.

FERGUSON, L.M., 1999. Recording graveyards. In: RCAHMS, ed, Monuments on Record Annual Review 1998–9. Edinburgh: RCAHMS, pp. 47–49.

FERGUSON, L.M., 2002. Record-taking and record-keeping for graveyards. In: A. DAKIN, ed, Conservation of Historic Graveyards. Edinburgh: Historic Scotland, pp. 22–26.

FIFE COUNCIL 2006.  Milestones and Wayside Markers in East Fife – Progress Report, AGENDA ITEM NO.18, East Area Services Committee, 08.03.2006, unpublished report available online: publications.1fife.org.uk/uploadfiles/publications/c64_Item18-Milestonesreport.doc

FISHER, I., 2001. Early Medieval Sculpture in the West Highlands and Islands Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

FISHER, I., 2005. Christ’s Cross down into the earth: some cross-bases and their problems. In: S.M. FOSTER and M. CROSS, eds, Able Minds and Practised Hands: Scotland’s Early Medieval Sculpture in the 21st Century. Leeds: Society for Medieval Archaeology/Maney, pp. 85–94.

FISHER, I. and GREENHILL, F.A., 1972. Two unrecorded carved stones at Tower of Lethendy, Perthshire. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 104 (1971–2), pp. 238–241.

FLEMING, J., 2001. Graffiti and the Writing Arts of Early Modern England. London: Reaktion Books.

FORSYTH, K., 1995a. The inscriptions on the Dupplin Cross. In: C. BOURKE, ed, From the Isles of the North. Belfast: HMSO, pp. 237–244.

FORSYTH, K., 1995b. The ogham-inscribed spindle-whorl from Buckquoy: evidence for the Irish language in pre-Viking Orkney? Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 125, pp. 677–696.

FORSYTH, K., 1997. Some thoughts on Pictish symbols as a formal writing system. In: D. HENRY, ed, The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn. Pictish and Related Studies presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, pp. 85–98.

FORSYTH, K., 2003. Report on Early Medieval Carved Stones from Whithorn and vicinity in the Care of Historic Scotland, March (unpublished report to Historic Scotland).

FORSYTH, K., 2005. Hic memoria perpetua: the early inscribed stones of southern Scotland in context. In: S.M. FOSTER and M. CROSS, eds, Able Minds and Practised Hands: Scotland’s Early Medieval Sculpture in the 21st Century. Leeds: Society for Medieval Archaeology/Maney, pp. 113–134.

FORSYTH, K., 2009. The Latinus Stone: Whithorn’s earliest Christian monument. In: J. MURRAY, ed, St Ninian and the Earliest Christianity in Scotland. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, pp. 19–41.

FORSYTH, K., 2011a. An ogham-inscribed slab from St Ninian’s Isle, found in 1876. In: R. BARROWMAN, ed, The Chapel and Burial Ground on St Ninian’s Isle, Shetland: Excavations Past and Present. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph 32. Wakefield: Society for Medieval Archaeology, pp. 15–25.

FORSYTH, K., 2011b. A preliminary investigation into the scholarly potential of 3D digital documentation of Early Medieval sculpture, June 2011 (commissioned by the Centre for Digital Documentation and Visualization and Historic Scotland).

FORSYTH, K. and DRISCOLL, S.T., 2009. Symbols of power in Ireland and Scotland, 8th–10th century. Available at http://www.unioviedo.es/reunido/index.php/TSP/article/viewFile/9481/9290. In: F. CONDE and G. DE CASTRO VALDES, eds, Symposium Internacional Poder y Simbología en Europa, siglos VIII–X, Oviedo, Spain, 22–27 September 2008 (Territorio Sociedad y Poder: Revista de Estudios Medievales 2). Gijon (Asturias): Trea, S.L., Ediciones, pp. 31–66.

FORSYTH, K. and MALDONADO, A., 2012. Report on early medieval carved stones from Iona in the care of Historic Scotland, March 2012 (unpublished report to Historic Scotland).

FORSYTH, K. and MALDONADO, A., 2013. Report on early medieval carved stones from Kirkmadrine, Galloway in the care of Historic Scotland, March 2013 (unpublished report to Historic Scotland).

FORSYTH, K. and MALDONADO, A., In prep. New work on Iona’s early medieval carved stones (paper presented to 7th International Insular Art Conference, Galway, July 2014).

FOSTER, S.M., ed, 1998a. The St Andrews Sarcophagus: A Pictish Masterpiece and its International Connections. Dublin: Four Courts Press.

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